骨科常見門診疾病
骨科主要研究骨骼肌肉系統的解剖、生理與病理，運用藥物、手術及物理方法保持和發展這一系統的正常形態與功能。隨著時代和社會的變更，骨科傷病譜有了明顯的變化，例如，骨關節結核、骨髓炎、小兒麻痺等疾病明顯減少，交通事故引起的創傷明顯增多。骨科傷病譜的變化，這就需要骨科與時俱進了。隨著中醫的發展中醫治療骨科疾病也逐漸被人們所追捧。
常見骨科病有髕骨骨折、尺神經損傷、先天性髖內翻、斷指再植、趾間神經痛、距骨後外結節骨折、拇指再造、先天性脛骨缺如、僵鉧、感染性肋軟骨炎、顳下頜關節強直、風濕熱、眼眶擊出性骨折、膕肌肌腱炎、蹠趾關節痛、脛後神經痛、跟腱前囊炎、纖維肌痛癥、滑囊炎、感染性關節炎、足舟狀骨骨軟骨病、姿態性腰腿痛、賴特綜合征、灼性神經痛、纖維肌痛癥候群等。
骨科常見門診疾病中英文對照表
| 英文疾病名稱 | 中文疾病名稱 |
| FRACTURE | 骨折 |
| Fracture of skull | 顱骨骨折 |
| Compression fracture | 壓迫性骨折 |
| Fracture of cervical | 頸椎閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of thoracic | 胸椎閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of lumbar | 腰椎閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of lumbar, open | 腰椎開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of coccyx | 尾骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Vertebral column fracture with spinal cord injury | 脊椎骨折有脊髓損傷 |
| Vertebral column fracture | 脊椎骨折 |
| Fracture of rib(s), closed | 肋骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of rib(s), open | 肋骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of pelvis, closed | 骨盆閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of Pelivis, open | 骨盆開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of clavicle, closed | 鎖骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of clavicle, open | 鎖骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of scapula, closed | 肩胛骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of scapula, open | 肩胛骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of humerus, closed | 肱骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of humerus, open | 肱骨開放性骨折 |
| Colles' fracture, closed | 柯雷氏閉鎖性骨折 |
| Colles' fracture, open | 柯雷氏開放性骨折 |
| Radius fracture, closed | 橈骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Radius fracture, open | 橈骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of ulna, closed | 尺骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of ulna, open | 尺骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of radius and ulna, closed | 橈骨併尺骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of radius and ulna, open | 橈骨併尺骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of carpal, closed | 腕骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of carpal, open | 腕骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of metacarpal, closed | 掌骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of metacarpal, open | 掌骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of phalanx (hand), closed | 指骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of phalanx (hand), open | 指骨開放性骨折 |
| Multiple hand bones fracture, closed | 手骨多處閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of femur neck, closed | 股骨頸閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of femur neck, open | 股骨頸開放性骨折 |
| Intertrochanteric fracture (ITF) of femur, closed | 股骨轉子間閉鎖性骨折 |
| Intertrochanteric fracture (ITF) of femur, open | 股骨轉子間開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of femur, closed | 股骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of femur, open | 股骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of patella, closed | 髕骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of patella, open | 髕骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of tibia, closed | 脛骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of tibia, open | 脛骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of fibula, closed | 腓骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of fibula, open | 腓骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of tibia and fibula, closed | 脛骨併腓骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of tibia and fibula, open | 脛骨併腓骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of ankle, closed | 踝閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of ankle, open | 踝開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of matatarsal | 蹠骨骨折 |
| Fracture of tarsal | 跗骨骨折 |
| Fracture of tarsal and metatarsal, closed | 跗或蹠骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of tarsal and metatarsal, open | 跗或蹠骨開放性骨折 |
| Fracture of phalanx (foot) , closed | 趾骨閉鎖性骨折 |
| Fracture of phalanx (foot), open | 趾骨開放性骨折 |
| Multiple fracture, closed | 多發性閉鎖性骨折 |
| Multiple fracture, open | 多發性開放性骨折 |
| Malunion of fracture | 癒合不良之骨折 |
| Nonunion of fracture | 不癒合之骨折 |
| Pathological fracture | 病理性骨折 |
| DISLOCATION | 脫臼 |
| Dislocation of mandible | 頷骨脫臼 |
| Dislocation of shoulder | 肩脫臼 |
| Dislocation of elbow | 肘脫臼 |
| Dislocation of wrist | 腕脫臼 |
| Dislocation of finger | 手指脫臼 |
| Dislocation of hip | 臗脫臼 |
| Dislocation of knee | 膝脫臼 |
| Dislocation of ankle | 踝脫臼 |
| Dislocation of foot | 足脫臼 |
| SPRAINS OR TEAR | 扭傷或撕裂傷 |
| Rotator cuff tear | 旋轉環帶撕裂傷 |
| Sprains of shoulder and upper arm | 肩及上臂扭傷 |
| Sprains of elbow and forearm | 肘及前臂扭傷 |
| Sprains of wrist | 腕扭傷 |
| Sprains of hand | 手扭傷 |
| Sprains of hip and thigh | 髖及大腿扭傷 |
| Meniscus' tear | 膝軟骨或半月板撕裂 |
| Sprains of lateral collateral ligament of knee | 外側側膝韌帶扭傷 |
| Sprains of medial collateral ligament of knee | 內側側膝韌帶扭傷 |
| Cruciate' tear | 膝十字韌帶扭傷 |
| Sprains of knee and leg | 膝及腿扭傷 |
| Sprains of ankle | 踝扭傷 |
| Sprains of foot | 足扭傷 |
| Sprains of neck | 頸部扭傷 |
| Sprains of back | 開放性背部受傷 |
| Sprains or strain | 扭傷及拉傷 |
| OTHER TRAUMA | 其他外傷 |
| Head injury | 頭部外傷 |
| Open wound of finger | 手指開放性傷口 |
| Open wound of finger with tendon involved | 手指開放性傷口，傷及肌腱者 |
| Traumatic amputation of thumb | 拇指截斷 |
| Traumatic amputation of fingers | 手指截斷 |
| Traumatic amputation of arm and hand | 臂及手截斷 |
| Traumatic amputation of toe(s) | 趾截斷 |
| Traumatic amputation of foot | 足截斷 |
| Traumatic amputation of leg(s) | 小腿截斷 |
| Contusion of face,scalp and neck | 臉，頭皮及頸之挫傷 |
| Contusion of trunk | 軀幹挫傷 |
| Contusion of upper limb | 上肢挫傷 |
| Contusion of lower limb | 下肢挫傷 |
| Post-traumatic wound infection | 創傷後傷口感染 |
| Cellulitis | 蜂窩組織炎 |
| Postoperative infection | 手術後傷口感染 |
| Mechanical complication of internal orthopedic device, implant and graft | 體內矯形外科裝置物、種植及移植物所致之機械性併發症 |
| Infection reaction due to internal joint prosthesis | 體內關節義體所致之感染 |
| Infection reaction due to internal orthopedic device, implant and graft | 體內矯形裝置物、種植及移植物所致之感染 |
| ARTHROPATHIES | 關節病變 |
| Pyogenic arthritis | 化膿性關節炎 |
| Infective arthritis | 傳染性關節炎 |
| Traumatic arthropathy | 創傷性關節病變 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 類風濕性關節炎 |
| Osteoarthrosis of hip | 髖骨關節病變 |
| Osteoarthrosis of knee | 膝骨關節病變 |
| Osteoarthrosis | 骨關節病變 |
| Arthropathy | 關節病變 |
| Internal derangement of knee (IDK) | 膝內部障礙 |
| Meniscus tear (old) | 半月板障礙（陳舊性） |
| Loose body in knee | 膝關節游離體 |
| Chondromalacia of patella | 髕骨軟骨之軟化 |
| Anterior cruciate ligament tear (old) | 膝前十字韌帶陳舊性破裂 |
| Posterior cruciate ligament tear (old) | 膝後十字韌帶陳舊性破裂 |
| Hemarthrosis | 關節血腫 |
| Stiffness of joint | 關節僵直 |
| Chronic osteomyelitis | 慢性骨髓炎 |
| Osteoporosis | 骨質疏鬆症 |
| Ischemic necrosis femoral head (INFH) / Avascular necrosis femoral head (ANFH) | 股骨頭無菌性骨壞死 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 關節粘連性脊椎炎 |
| Degenerative joint disease of lumbar-spine | 腰椎骨退化性脊椎炎 |
| Degenerative joint disease | 退化性脊椎炎 |
| Herniated of intervertebral disease | 椎間盤突出 |
| Herniated of intervertebral disease of lumbar spine | 腰部椎間盤移位 |
| Spinal stenosis of cervical region | 頸脊椎狹窄 |
| Spinal stenosis | 脊椎狹窄 |
| Spinal stenosis of lumbar region | 腰脊椎狹窄 |
| Sciatica | 坐骨神經痛 |
| Backache | 背痛 |
| Baker's cyst | Baker's 氏囊腫 |
| Myofacial pain syndrome | 肌膜疼痛症候群 |
| Neuralgia, neuritis, and radiculitis | 神經痛、神經炎及神經根炎 |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome | 腕隧道症候群 |
| Cubital tunnel syndrome | 尺隧道症候群 |
| Radial nerve lesion | 橈骨神經病灶 |
| Peroneal (common) nerve lesion | 外側膕神經病灶 |
| Kyphosis | 脊柱後彎(駝背) |
| Scoliosis,idiopathic | 自發性脊柱側彎 |
| Spondylolisthesis | 脊椎滑脫症 |
| Frozen shoulder | 冰凍肩 |
| Tendinitis | 肌腱炎 |
| Bursitis | 滑液囊炎 |
| Tennis elbow | 網球肘 |
| Ganglion | 腱鞘囊腫 |
| Trigger finger | 板機指(後天性) |
| Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) | 少年時期髖部及骨盆之骨軟骨症 |
| Slipped capitas femoral epiphysis (SCFE) | 滑脫股骨頭骨垢 |
| Flat foot | 扁平足 |
| Hallux valgus | 拇指外翻（後天性） |
| Mallet finger | 鎚形手指 |
| Acquired deformity of limb | 肢體之後天性變形 |
| Poliomyelitis | 急性脊髓灰白質炎（小兒麻痺） |
| Late effect of acute poliomyelitis | 急性脊髓灰質炎之後遺症 |
| Cerebral palsy | 腦性麻痺 |
| Dislocation developmental hip, unilateral | 髖骨先天性脫臼，單側 |
| Club foot | 畸形足 |
| Polydactyly | 多指(趾)畸形 |
| Syndactyly | 併指(趾)畸形 |
| OTHER DISORDERS | 其他疾病 |
| Herpes zoster | 帶狀皰疹 |
| Gouty arthropathy | 痛風性關節病變 |
| Gout | 痛風 |
| Hypertension | 自發性高血壓 |
| Hypertensive cardiovascular disease | 高血壓性心臟病 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 心臟血管疾病 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 甲狀腺機能亢進 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 糖尿病 |
| Diabetes mellitus with neuropathy | 糖尿病併神經病變 |
| Functional gastrointestinal disorder | 胃腸功能性障礙 |
| Gastritis | 胃炎 |
| Stomach ulcer | 胃潰瘍 |
| Duodenal ulcer | 十二指腸潰瘍 |
| Acute gastroenteritis | 胃腸炎 |
| Constipation | 便秘 |
| Hemorrhoid | 痔瘡 |
| Inguinal hernia | 腹股溝疝氣 |
| Fatty liver | 脂肪肝 |
| Disorders of liver | 肝疾病 |
| Eczema | 濕疹 |
| Urticaria | 蕁麻疹 |
| Tinea pedis | 足癬 |
| Tinea cruris | 股癬 |
| Trigeminal neuralgia | 三叉神經痛 |
| Epilepsy | 癲癇 |
| Neurosis | 精神官能症 |
| Anxiety neurosis | 焦慮狀態 |
| Hemiplegia | 半身麻痺 |
| Paralysis | 癱瘓 |
| Vertigo | 眩暈 |
| Urinary tract infection | 泌尿道感染 |
| Upper respiratory infection | 急性上呼吸道感染 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 慢性阻塞性肺病 |
| Asthma | 氣喘 |
| Pneumonia | 肺炎 |
| Allergic rhinitis | 過敏性鼻炎 |
| Uremia | 腎衰竭 |
| Anemia | 貧血 |
| Bed sore | 褥瘡 |
| Parkinson's disease | 帕金森病 |
| Benign prostate hypertrophy | 攝護腺(前列腺)增生 |
| Cancer of bone and articular cartilage | 骨骼及關節軟骨之惡性腫瘤 |
| Cancer of connective and soft tissue | 結締組織及軟組織之惡性腫瘤 |
| Bone metastasis | 骨骼及骨髓之續發性惡性腫瘤 |
| Lipoma | 脂肪瘤 |
